handwritten by the author.

The most common form

elements (case, binding).

the spread of parchment.

Preserved about 300 thousand.

manuscripts held onto

Preserved about 300 thousand.

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ancient and medieval Latin,

from a printed book, reproduction

manuscripts significantly

drafts of literary works

from lat. manus - "hand" and scribo - "I write") [1]

Many calligraphers have acquired

drafts of literary works

then only a few have reached us

written on the parchment was scratched out

manuscripts significantly

Middle Ages as in Western

so expensive material

handwritten books were made,

manuscripts significantly

manuscripts underwent in the Middle

so expensive material

drafts of literary works

Testaru. Best known

only a few survived.

written on the parchment was scratched out

number of surviving European

Century to a kind of destruction: